AI Article Synopsis
- Autoimmune diseases are increasingly common in Western societies, highlighting the need to understand how reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence immune responses and the development of these disorders.
- The review emphasizes the critical role of ROS in the functioning of tolerogenic dendritic cells and regulatory T cells, which are essential for preventing autoimmune diseases and enhancing treatment options.
- While research on the relationship between ROS and immune cells is abundant, the effectiveness of modulating ROS to promote tolerogenic cell types and improve cellular therapies for autoimmune conditions is still uncertain and requires further investigation.
Article Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are progressively affecting westernized societies, as the proportion of individuals suffering from autoimmunity is steadily increasing over the past decades. Understanding the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in modulation of the immune response in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders is of utmost importance. The focus of this review is the regulation of ROS production within tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells that have the essential role in the prevention of autoimmune diseases and significant potency in their therapy. It is now clear that ROS are extremely important for the proper function of both DC and T cells. Antigen processing/presentation and the ability of DC to activate T cells depend upon the ROS availability. Treg differentiation, suppressive function, and stability are profoundly influenced by ROS presence. Although a plethora of results on the relation between ROS and immune cells exist, it remains unclear whether ROS modulation is a productive way for skewing T cells and DCs toward a tolerogenic phenotype. Also, the possibility of ROS modulation for enhancement of regulatory properties of DC and Treg during their preparation for use in cellular therapy has to be clarified. Studies of DC and T cell redox regulation should allow for the improvement of the therapy of autoimmune diseases. This could be achieved through the direct therapeutic application of ROS modulators in autoimmunity, or indirectly through ROS-dependent enhancement of tolDC and Treg preparation for cell-based immunotherapy. 34, 364-382.
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