Purpose: To improve outcome prediction of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) by development of a model based on easily available clinical and radiographical predictors and suitable for daily clinical use.
Materials And Methods: We evaluated predictive factors for SWL success in 517 consecutive patients suffering from urinary calculi who underwent SWL between 2010 and 2018. Analyses included descriptive statistics, receiver operating characteristic statistics and logistic regression. Predictive value was improved by combining parameters using model selection and recursive partitioning.
Results: Of the 517 patients, 310 (60.0%) had a successful SWL. Best individual predictor of SWL success was mean attenuation (MAV), with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.668, and an optimal cutpoint (OC) of 987.5 HU. The best multivariable model, including MAV, stone size, skin to stone distance (SSD), presence of an indwelling stent, and four interaction effects, yielded an AUC of 0.736. Recursive partitioning would categorize patients into three outcome groups with high (76.9%), intermediate (41%) and low (10%) success probability. High probability of SWL success (76.9%) was found for patients with a stone with MAV ≤ 987 HU or with MAV > 987 HU but stone size ≤ 11 mm and SSD (45°) ≤ 88 mm.
Conclusion: A model based on four established predictors, and provided as an Excel-Tool, can clearly improve prediction of SWL success. In addition, patients can be classified into three defined outcome groups based on simple cutpoint combinations. Both tools improve informed decision-making in daily clinical practice and might reduce failure rates.
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Article Synopsis
- A comprehensive scale was developed to measure the burdens of three types of treatment: expected, unexpected complications, and ancillary procedure needs.
- Expert panels assessed the burden of treatments in urology cases, calculating a burden score (BS) for different treatment options including partial nephrectomy, percutaneous ablation, radical cystectomy, and others.
- Results indicated that less invasive treatments like percutaneous ablation and trimodal therapy had similar success rates as more invasive options, but with significantly lower burden scores, aiding in patient consultations on treatment choices.
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