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7000 years of turnover: historical contingency and human niche construction shape the Caribbean's Anthropocene biota. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Human-mediated species movement is significantly altering ecosystems, with historical precedents spanning 7000 years in the Caribbean, highlighting our long history of impacting biodiversity.
  • A new database catalogs terrestrial vertebrate species introductions in the Caribbean, revealing how early human activities influenced current community structures and led to extinctions.
  • The study connects species introduction patterns to the cultural and economic histories of Indigenous, colonial, and modern societies, emphasizing the complexity of human influence on biodiversity in the Anthropocene.

Article Abstract

The human-mediated movement of species across biogeographic boundaries-whether intentional or accidental-is dramatically reshaping the modern world. Yet humans have been reshaping ecosystems and translocating species for millennia, and acknowledging the deeper roots of these phenomena is important for contextualizing present-day biodiversity loss, ecosystem functioning and management needs. Here, we present the first database of terrestrial vertebrate species introductions spanning the entire anthropogenic history of a system: the Caribbean. We employ this approximately 7000-year dataset to assess the roles of historical contingency and priority effects in shaping present-day community structure and conservation outcomes, finding that serial human colonization events contributed to habitat modifications and species extinctions that shaped the trajectories of subsequent species introductions by other human groups. We contextualized spatial and temporal patterns of species introductions within cultural practices and population histories of Indigenous, colonial and modern human societies, and show that the taxonomic and biogeographic diversity of introduced species reflects diversifying reasons for species introductions through time. Recognition of the complex social and economic structures across the 7000-year human history of the Caribbean provides the necessary context for interpreting the formation of an Anthropocene biota.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7287370PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0447DOI Listing

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