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Biodiversity increases ecosystem functions despite multiple stressors on coral reefs. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study emphasizes the critical link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF), showing that maintaining biodiversity is essential for key ecosystem services and processes.
  • Utilizing coral reef fish assemblages, the research found strong, positive relationships between biodiversity and two major ecosystem functions: biomass and productivity, even amidst extreme environmental stressors like heatwaves and invasive species.
  • While extreme heat and invasive rats had minor effects on the overall BEF relationships, they still negatively impacted ecosystem functioning by reducing biodiversity and disrupting nutrient flows, highlighting the complex ways human activities can affect natural ecosystems.

Article Abstract

Positive relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) highlight the importance of conserving biodiversity to maintain key ecosystem functions and associated services. Although natural systems are rapidly losing biodiversity due to numerous human-caused stressors, our understanding of how multiple stressors influence BEF relationships comes largely from small, experimental studies. Here, using remote assemblages of coral reef fishes, we demonstrate strong, non-saturating relationships of biodiversity with two ecosystem functions: biomass and productivity. These positive relationships were robust both to an extreme heatwave that triggered coral bleaching and to invasive rats which disrupt nutrient subsidies from native seabirds. Despite having only minor effects on BEF relationships, both stressors still decreased ecosystem functioning via other pathways. The extreme heatwave reduced biodiversity, which, due to the strong BEF relationships, ultimately diminished both ecosystem functions. Conversely, the loss of cross-system nutrient subsidies directly decreased biomass. These results demonstrate multiple ways by which human-caused stressors can reduce ecosystem functioning, despite robust BEF relationships, in natural high-diversity assemblages.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1203-9DOI Listing

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