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An atypical lipoteichoic acid from elicits a broadly cross-reactive and protective immune response. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • A significant cause of food poisoning, a certain pathogen leads to avian necrotic enteritis, with no effective vaccine currently available.
  • Researchers discovered an immunoreactive glycoconjugate antigen related to the pathogen's glycosyltransferase mutant, showing potential for vaccine development.
  • In experiments, immunization with HN13 provided better protection against bacterial infection in chickens compared to JGS4143, indicating that HN13’s atypical lipoteichoic acids may be key to developing a future vaccine.

Article Abstract

is a leading cause of food-poisoning and causes avian necrotic enteritis, posing a significant problem to both the poultry industry and human health. No effective vaccine against is currently available. Using an antiserum screen of mutants generated from a transposon-mutant library, here we identified an immunoreactive antigen that was lost in a putative glycosyltransferase mutant, suggesting that this antigen is likely a glycoconjugate. Following injection of formalin-fixed whole cells of HN13 (a laboratory strain) and JGS4143 (chicken isolate) intramuscularly into chickens, the HN13-derived antiserum was cross-reactive in immunoblots with all tested 32 field isolates, whereas only 5 of 32 isolates were recognized by JGS4143-derived antiserum. The immunoreactive antigens from both HN13 and JGS4143 were isolated, and structural analysis by MALDI-TOF-MS, GC-MS, and 2D NMR revealed that both were atypical lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) with poly-(β1→4)-ManNAc backbones substituted with phosphoethanolamine. However, although the ManNAc residues in JGS4143 LTA were phosphoethanolamine-modified, a few of these residues were instead modified with phosphoglycerol in the HN13 LTA. The JGS4143 LTA also had a terminal ribose and ManNAc instead of ManN in the core region, suggesting that these differences may contribute to the broadly cross-reactive response elicited by HN13. In a passive-protection chicken experiment, oral challenge with JGS4143 lead to 22% survival, whereas co-gavage with JGS4143 and α-HN13 antiserum resulted in 89% survival. This serum also induced bacterial killing in opsonophagocytosis assays, suggesting that HN13 LTA is an attractive target for future vaccine-development studies.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7363129PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA119.009978DOI Listing

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