Methotrexate, a structural analogue of folic acid, is one of the most effective and extensively used drugs for treating many kinds of cancer or severe and resistant forms of autoimmune diseases. In this paper, we take an overview of the present state of knowledge with regards to complex mechanisms of methotrexate action and its applications as immunosuppressive drug or chemotherapeutic agent in oncological combination therapy. In addition, the issue of the potential benefits of methotrexate in the development of neurological disorders in Alzheimer's disease or myasthenia gravis will be discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103483 | DOI Listing |
Iran J Pharm Res
October 2024
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cyclooxygenases (COX) play a pivotal role in inflammation and are responsible for the production of prostaglandins (PGs). Two types of COXs have been identified as key biological targets for drug design: Constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) target COX-1, while selective COX-2 inhibitors are designed for COX-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
January 2025
School of Medical and Information Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China. Electronic address:
Epigenetic dysregulation plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of various cancers, influencing critical processes such as tumor growth, invasion, migration, survival, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Consequently, targeting epigenetic pathways has emerged as a promising strategy for anticancer drug discovery in recent years. However, the clinical efficacy of epigenetic inhibitors, such as HDAC inhibitors, has been limited, often accompanied by resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedComm (2020)
September 2024
Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-targeted therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by selectively blocking specific signaling pathways crucial for tumor growth, offering improved outcomes with fewer side effects compared with conventional chemotherapy. However, despite their initial effectiveness, resistance to TKIs remains a significant challenge in clinical practice. Understanding the mechanisms underlying TKI resistance is paramount for improving patient outcomes and developing more effective treatment strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
October 2024
Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China. Electronic address:
Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) are closely associated with the development of a diverse array of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, HIV, and inflammatory diseases. Considering the essential roles in tumorigenesis, class I HDACs have emerged as highly desirable targets for therapeutic strategies, particularly in the field of anticancer drug development. However, the conventional class I HDAC inhibitors faced several challenges such as acquired resistance, inherent toxicities, and limited efficacy in inhibiting non-enzymatic functions of HDAC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife (Basel)
May 2024
Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus University, Elkins Park, PA 19027, USA.
Allergic conjunctivitis is an allergen-induced immune response secondary to the binding of immunoglobulin-E (IgE) to sensitized mast cells. Approximately 40% of North Americans and 20% of the world's population are impacted by some form of allergy and it continues to increase in prevalence, especially among children. Specified IgE antibodies can be found in almost all cases of exposure to seasonal or perennial allergens.
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