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Prevention of Maternal Rh D Alloimmunization: A Comparative Review of Guidelines.
Obstet Gynecol Surv
December 2024
Associate Professor.
Importance: Rhesus alloimmunization refers to the sensitization of an Rh D-negative mother after exposure to D-positive fetal red blood cells, which can lead to significant fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Objective: The aim of this study was to review and compare the most recently published international guidelines on the prevention of maternal alloimmunization.
Evidence Acquisition: A comparative review of guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the British Committee for Standards in Hematology, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada regarding the prevention of maternal Rh D alloimmunization was conducted.
A new way of the Coombs test using flow cytometry-based assay to assess erythrocytes-bound IgG antibodies in the human and rabbit model.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol
January 2025
College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
The Coombs test is important in hematology for detecting erythrocyte-bound IgG antibodies or in serm through agglutination methods, but its sensitivity and specificity are limited. Flow cytometry provides a more precise and sensitive alternative for quantitatively assessing RBC-bound IgG antibodies. This assessment is crucial for evaluating the risk of hemolytic reactions and ensuring safe transfusions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSerological Weak Expression of D Antigen: A Retrospective Study of Blood Donors and Patients at a Teaching Hospital in Eastern India.
Cureus
December 2024
Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND.
Background and objective RhD variants show altered D antigen expression, affecting their serological detection. Proper identification is crucial due to potential anti-D antibody formation. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the frequency and characteristics of D variant cases encountered during RhD typing in both blood donors and recipients and the transfusion implications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Study on the Production of Anti-D and Anti-E Mixed Antibodies by Alloimmunization in RhD Variant Type33 Recipients].
Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
December 2024
Blood Group Reference Laboratory, Ningxia Blood Center, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
Objective: To investigate the cause of the production of anti-D and anti-E mixed antibody in an RhD positive patient.
Methods: The ABO/Rh blood group typing and irregular antibody specificity were identified by conventional serological methods, the gene exon 1-10 and heterozygous analysis were performed by sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP), and the whole exon sequence was analyzed by first-generation sequencing.
Results: The patient's Rh blood group was weak D Type33, with the allele was , the patients was found to be heterozygous, with an Rh typing of Ccee, and the patient had developed anti-D combined with anti-E mixed antibodies.
Anti-G evaluations in D- pregnant women determine the need for Rh immune globulin prophylaxis: report of two illustrative cases.
Immunohematology
December 2024
Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI.
Distinguishing anti-D, anti- C, and anti-G specificities is particularly essential in antenatal cases to ensure proper patient management. The clinical management as well as Rh immune globulin (RhIG) prophylaxis depend on the accurate identification of these distinct antibodies. D- pregnant women with anti-G, but without anti-D, in their serum need RhIG prophylaxis at 28 weeks of gestation, at delivery if the infant is D+, and when clinically indicated to prevent the formation of anti-D and potential hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN).
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