Lysosomes are of major importance for the regulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis. Food-derived cholesterol and cholesterol esters contained within lipoproteins are delivered to lysosomes by endocytosis. From the lysosomal lumen, cholesterol is transported to the inner surface of the lysosomal membrane through the glycocalyx; this shuttling requires Niemann-Pick C (NPC) 1 and NPC2 proteins. The lysosomal membrane proteins lysosomal-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-2 and lysosomal integral membrane protein (LIMP)-2/SCARB2 also bind cholesterol. LAMP-2 may serve as a cholesterol reservoir, whereas LIMP-2, like NPC1, is able to transport cholesterol through a transglycocalyx tunnel. Contact sites and fusion events between lysosomes and other organelles mediate the distribution of cholesterol. Lysosomal cholesterol content is sensed thereby regulating mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC)-dependent signaling. This review summarizes our understanding of the major steps in cholesterol handling from the moment it enters the lysosome until it leaves this compartment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2020.02.007 | DOI Listing |
Pulm Ther
December 2024
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Introduction: Asthma is a complex condition characterized by airway inflammation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a significant role in asthma pathogenesis through its effects on T cells and its association with pro-inflammatory responses. Both lung and circulating IL-6 levels are elevated in asthma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDaru
December 2024
Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, POB 11795, Egypt.
Background: Bile salts enriched nanovesicles (bilosomes) have been attention worthy in the past few years due to their distinctive effect on the enhancement of drug delivery through various physiological administration routes. Oral delivery of multifunctioning phytochemical curcumin has faced a lot of difficulties due to its scarce solubility and poor oral bioavailability.
Objective: The current investigation aimed to develop curcumin loaded bilosomes for improvement of oral curcumin bioavailability with maximum efficiency and safety.
Mol Neurobiol
December 2024
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, 820 San-Nomiya, Koshigaya-Shi, Saitama, 343-8540, Japan.
Accumulation of senescent neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is an important tissue phenotype that causes age-related degeneration of peripheral sensory nerves. Senescent neurons are neurons with arrested cell cycle that have undergone cellular senescence but remain in the tissue and play various biological roles. To understand the accumulation of senescent neurons in the DRG during aging, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism that induces cellular senescence in DRG neurons and the role of senescent DRG neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Bioanal Chem
December 2024
Departamento de Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Coronavirus disease 2019 is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and typically appear 2-14 days after virus exposure. While vaccination has significantly reduced the incidence of severe complications, strategies for the identification of new biomarkers to assess disease severity remains a critical area of research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania.
Purpose: Chronic systemic inflammation from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may cause metabolic abnormalities in lipid metabolism. Additionally, the development of metabolic syndrome has been associated with specific anti-retroviral therapy, particularly dolutegravir. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV on dolutegravir-based anti-retroviral therapy.
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