The instability and rapid consumption of HO limit the application of UV/HO in water treatment. Recently, calcium peroxide (CaO) has been demonstrated as an effective source of HO. However, the performance and mechanism of UV/CaO are still unknown. Herein, UV/CaO and UV/HO were compared for degradation of aniline. The removal efficiency of aniline by UV/CaO was slightly lower than that by UV/HO, which could be attributed to the light scavenger by CaO suspended particles. HO‧ was identified to participate in aniline degradation in both UV/CaO and UV/HO, while O· was only involved in UV/CaO. The efficiency of aniline degradation in UV/CaO was affected by the released HO in the system. The release and decomposition rate of HO in UV/CaO system were influenced by the CaO dosage and reaction pH, but slightly related with water matrix. Excessive CaO would scavenge aniline degradation through the released HO to react with HO‧. Acidic condition would enhance the concentration of HO in UV/CaO and promote the degradation of aniline. Cl showed slight and almost no effect on aniline degradation in UV/CaO and UV/HO systems, respectively, while HCO scavenged aniline degradation in UV/CaO. NO inhibited aniline degradation in both UV/CaO and UV/HO. Compared to UV/HO, UV/CaO shows the similar efficiency on organics removal but conquers the limitations in UV/HO, which is a promising alternative choice in water treatment.
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