AI Article Synopsis
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified natural killer (NK) cells show promise for cancer treatment but struggle with solid tumors due to immune-suppressive effects from inhibitory receptors like PD1.
- Researchers designed a novel chimeric costimulatory converting receptor (CCCR) to convert the negative PD1 signal into an activating one, enhancing the effectiveness of CAR-NK cells.
- The modified NK92 cells (CCCR-NK92) demonstrated improved anti-tumor activity against lung cancer cells in lab tests and significantly reduced tumor growth in a lung cancer xenograft model.
Article Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified adoptive natural killer (NK) cells represent a promising immunotherapeutic modality for cancer treatment but face many challenges in solid tumors. One major obstacle is the immune-suppressive effects induced by inhibitory receptors (IR) including PD1. To interfere with PD1 signaling to augment CAR-NK cells' activity against solid tumors, we rationally designed a novel chimeric costimulatory converting receptor (CCCR), comprising mainly the extracellular domain of PD1, transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of NKG2D, and the cytoplasmic domain of 41BB. This NK-tailored CCCR was able to switch the negative PD1 signal to an activating signal and hence reversed the immune suppressive effects of PD1. The CCCR-modified NK92 (CCCR-NK92) cells retained typical characteristics of NK cells and exhibited enhanced antitumor activity against human lung cancer H1299 cells in vitro compared with untransduced NK92 cells. The rapid clearance of H1299 cells was caused by CCCR-NK92 cell-induced extensive pyroptosis. In a lung cancer xenograft model, CCCR-NK92 cells significantly inhibited tumor growth. Our results highlight a promising immunotherapeutic potential of using NK-tailored CCCR engineered NK92 cells to treat human lung cancer.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2020.04.016 | DOI Listing |
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