The present work is focused on the removal of NOx with reduced blue TiO with Fe (blue Fe-TiO)- and Cu (blue Cu-TiO)-doped photocatalyst. TiO was reduced via lithium in EDA (blue TiO). Fe and Cu ions were doped in the reduced TiO (blue Fe-TiO and blue Cu-TiO). The material resulted in a core-shell structure of amorphous and anatase phase. XPS suggests the existence of Ti species and oxygen vacancies within the structure of TiO. Additionally, valence bond (VB)-XPS shows the generation of intermediate levels at the band edge of the doped photocatalyst. Photocurrent, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry confirmed the enhanced charge-separation process in doped reduced TiO. The photocatalysts were tested for the photo-oxidation of NOx. Blue Fe-TiO reveals the efficiency of 70% for NO elimination and 44.74% for NO formation. The improved efficiency of the doped photocatalyst is related to the re-engineered structure with Ti species, oxygen vacancies, and charge traps. Electron spin resonance (ESR) measurement was carried out for blue Fe-TiO to confirm the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, ion chromatography was used to investigate the mechanism of NOx oxidation. In conclusion, the doped blue TiO has a strong tendency to photo-oxidize NOx gasses.
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