Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Conduct Problems in Children and Adolescents with Obesity.

Objectives: Recent studies focus on the potential factors that increase the potantial risks of obesity in children and adolescents. According to research for the past years, one of the factors that increases the risk of obesity may be attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We hypothesized that overweight/obese children and adolescents that apply to pediatric endocrinology for treatment would be at higher risk for ADHD symptoms.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the sample consisted of 55 children and adolescents aged between 6-14 years with body mass index greater than 95th percentile and 37 nonobese control group. Sociodemographic form, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and The Turgay Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders Based Child and Adolescent Behavior Disorders Screening and Rating Scale has been used.

Results: The rates of inattentive subtype, hyperactivity/impulsivity subtype, and the combined type in the subject group were 10.9%, 3.6% and 7.3%, respectively. The rates of inattentive subtype, hyperactivity/impulsivity subtype were 5.4%, 2.7%, respectively, in the nonobese group. In terms of SDQ scores, peer problems subscale scores were significantly higher in the subject group than the control group (5.13±1.24 vs 4.32±1.18, p=0.003). According to the binary regression analysis, having peer problems was found to be significantly related to being obese (Exp B (OR): 3.3, p=0.04).

Conclusion: Our findings show that obese children and adolescents have higher rates of ADHD symptoms and problems in peer relations. Underestimation of ADHD might be a risk factor for treatment failure in obesity since ADHD symptoms cause a lack of motivation and compliance.