An integrative bioinformatics analysis of caprine gene.

Goat is the most preferred domesticated animal in Indian subcontinent. However, the climatic change-induced heat stresscauses a formidable challenge for maintaining optimum productivity. G protein subunit alpha i3 (GNAI3) is one of the genes that may have significant role in heat tolerance mechanism in goats. The caprine gene was searched for homology analysis and its three dimensional protein structure was predicted followed by its validation through approach. Nucleotide sequence-based phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the caprine gene has close evolutionary relationship with that of . Homology modelling of caprine GNAI3 protein was done in MODELLER 9.18 (P1), PHYRE2 (P2), GENO3D (P3) and SWISS MODEL (P4). The modelled structures were further validated after observing the Ramachandran and hydrophobicity plots. In the best of three dimensional protein structure (P4 as produced by SWISS MODEL), 330 (98.8%), three (0.9%) and one (0.3%) amino acid residues were found in favoured region, allowed region and outlier region, respectively. Degree of hydrophobicity of the generated protein structures revealed the presence of alternate hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. The ligand receptor interaction site of the predicted 3D model was traced out using Discovery Studio 3.5. STRING database revealed protein interactions with , , and other proteins of G family such as , , ,, , and . KEGG pathway maps revealed interaction with , , and , which are reported to be transcribed in response to heat stress. Thus, caprine can be used as a possible biomarker for studying heattolerance mechanism in goats.