Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology (Adjunct), and Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
Published: May 2020
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
In February 2020, the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) joined forces to unite researchers from all over the globe to discuss emerging topics in 'Engineering Multicellular Systems'. As we review here, key themes that arose throughout the meeting included the ethics of organoids in developmental biology, bottom-up versus top-down models, tissue organizing principles, and the future of improving these systems to better mimic the natural world.
The work aims to leverage computer vision and artificial intelligence technologies to quantify key components in food distribution services. Specifically, it focuses on dish counting, content identification, and portion size estimation in a dining hall setting. An RGB camera is employed to capture the tray delivery process in a self-service restaurant, providing test images for plate counting and content identification algorithm comparison, using standard evaluation metrics.
- The study addresses the limitations of using undefined basement membrane extracts like Matrigel for cultivating intestinal stem cells (ISCs) by introducing a new xenogeneic-free culture dish called XF-DISC.
- XF-DISC significantly increases the growth and maintenance of ISCs, achieving a 24-fold cell number increase within 30 days and sustaining viability over 210 days (30 passages).
- This method allows for successful transplantation of cultured human ISCs into mouse models with intestinal injuries, fostering tissue regeneration, making it a promising approach for effective ISC therapy in human intestinal diseases.
Biomechanical analysis of spinal structures is crucial in the evaluation of injuries, the risk of fracture, and age-related changes. Osteoporotic vertebrae are very fragile and therefore constitute a serious risk, especially in the elderly. At present, clinically relevant decision making in fracture risk assessment is predicated upon finite element analysis (FEA), which utilizes high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scans from clinical practice alongside micro-CT scans from laboratory settings.
Recent advancements in biotechnology forged the path for clinical trials in dish (CTiDs) to advance as a popular method of experimentation in biomedicine. CTiDs play a fundamental role in translational research through technologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells, whole genome sequencing, and organs-on-a-chip. In this review, we explore advancements that enable these CTiD biotechnologies and their applications in animal testing, disease modeling, and space radiation technologies.
Cellular motility is essential for making and maintaining multicellular organisms throughout their lifespan. Migrating cells can move either individually or collectively by a crawling movement that links the cytoskeletal activity to the adhesion surface. In vitro stimulation by electric fields can be achieved by direct, capacitive or inductive coupled setups.
