Bioactive Compounds from the Aerial Parts of .

Three new caryophyllane-type sesquiterpenoids, linariophyllenes A-C (-), two new hamamelitol derivatives, linaritols A ( and B (), two new chromones, linariosides A () and B (), and three known chromones, cnidimol C (), monnieriside A (), and undulatoside A (), were identified from the aerial parts of . The structures of these compounds were elucidated by NMR, MS, and IR data. The absolute configurations of compounds - and were established via electronic circular dichroism data. The anti-inflammatory potential of compounds - and - was evaluated by determining their ability to inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β by stimulated J774 macrophages. Compounds tested at noncytotoxic concentrations inhibited NO production by macrophages, exhibiting IC values between 17.8 and 66.2 μM, and inhibited IL-1β production by stimulated macrophages by 72.7-96.2%.