Inhibition of miR-16 Ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Modulating Bcl-2 in Mouse Models.

Background: In recent years, microRNA (miRNA) is considered as a potential therapy target. To study the regulatory mechanism and therapeutic effect of miRNAs on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we investigated microRNAs that regulate apoptosis-related protein B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). We examined the role of miR-16 in IBD and the effect of inhibiting the expression of miR-16 on disease progression.

Materials And Methods: Dextran sulfate sodium was used to induce ulcerative colitis in mice. RNA and protein were extracted from the rectal mucosa of mice. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of miR-16 and Bcl-2. The effects of miR-16 on intestinal mucosal immunity were studied by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were detected. The weight changes, disease activity index, length of the rectal colon, and pathological score of the mice were used to evaluate the effect of inhibiting miR-16 on disease progression. Through the establishment of overexpression and low expression cell lines of miR-16, the regulation of miR-16 on Bcl-2 was studied.

Results: MiR-16 was overexpressed in the IBD model, whereas Bcl-2 had lower expression in the mucosa. Inhibiting expression of miR-16 significantly decreased the expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. In mice, the weight change, disease activity index, and pathological score decreased in the experimental group, in which miR-16 was inhibited. High expression of miR-16 can inhibit Bcl-2 expression.

Conclusions: MiR-16 plays a critical role in IBD via Bcl-2 and is a promising target in IBD therapy.