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Sargassumhorneri extracts stimulate innate immunity, enhance growth performance, and upregulate immune genes in the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. | LitMetric

Sargassumhorneri extracts stimulate innate immunity, enhance growth performance, and upregulate immune genes in the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei.

Fish Shellfish Immunol

Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC; Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan, ROC; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address:

Published: July 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates the impact of Sargassum horneri hot-water extract (SHE) on the immune response and growth of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), a species facing health issues due to intensive farming.
  • In vitro tests showed that SHE enhances hemocyte activity, particularly improving phenoloxidase (PO) activity and reactive oxygen species production.
  • In vivo results indicated that while SHE improved immune parameters notably at higher concentrations, the 5.0 g/kg diet led to the best growth performance, and gene expression analysis confirmed the modulation of significant immune-related genes in shrimp fed SHE.

Article Abstract

The white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the most commercially important aquatic species. However, intensive farming to meet economic demands has been linked to animal stress and subsequent disease outbreaks. In this study, we explore the immunomodulatory effects of Sargassum horneri hot-water extract (SHE) on the immune parameters of L. vannamei. Hemocytes incubated in vitro with 10 mg/ml of SHE showed the highest response in phenoloxidase (PO) activity and reactive oxygen species production. In the in vivo trials, shrimp were fed diets containing 0 (control), 2.5 (SHE 2.5), 5.0 g (SHE 5.0), and 10 g (SHE10.0) of lyophilized SHE per kg feed for four weeks, after which immune parameters were measured. Group SHE10.0 had the highest total hemocyte count, reactive oxygen species production, and phagocytic rate during the 4-week feeding period, followed by groups SHE5.0 and SHE2.5. However, group SHE5.0 showed a better growth performance among all examined groups after four weeks of rearing. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed that L. vannamei fed diets containing 0.5% SHE over 28 days showed significant modulation of 11 immune-related genes, including prophenoloxidase I, prophenoloxidase II, peroxinectin, α2macroglobulin, clotting protein, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, penaiedin2-4, and crustin. Combined, these results show that SHE is a functional feed additive that can be applied orally to enhance innate immunity and growth performance of white shrimps.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.049DOI Listing

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