Traditional therapies for emphysema such as bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs have limited value due to permanent structural changes in the emphysematous lung that result in hyperinflation. Surgical lung volume reduction partially corrects hyperinflation by removing emphysematous lung and is an option in selected patients, but it carries a risk of morbidity and death. Valve therapy is a less-invasive option that involves bronchoscopic implantation of 1-way valves in emphysematous lung segments to allow air flow and mucus clearance in the direction of central airways. The authors review the rationale, evidence, and applications of valve therapy.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.87a.19083 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The Agreement Between Lobar Emphysematous Destruction and Volumetric Air Trapping on CT Scan in Severe COPD Patients.
Lung
January 2025
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, PO Box 30001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Screening for Percutaneous Lung Cryoablation Adverse Event Risk: A Single Center Comparative Analysis to Surgical Risk Estimates.
J Am Coll Radiol
December 2024
Department of Interventional Radiology: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St, Pickens Academic Tower, Houston, TX 77030-4000. Electronic address:
Objective: To evaluate the relevance of established surgical risk calculators (SRCs) for predicting complications in patients undergoing percutaneous lung cryoablation (PLC).
Methods: The institution's database was queried for PLC procedures from March 2015 to May 2024, excluding those patients with concomitant local therapies or five or more lesions treated in a single setting. Demographics, frailty metrics as defined by the surgical literature, and procedural variables were collected.
Intravenous injection of BMSCs modulate tsRNA expression and ameliorate lung remodeling in COPD mice.
Stem Cell Res Ther
November 2024
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by lung remodeling induced by chronic inflammation, presenting challenges for effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown promise in mitigating inflammation and tissue repairing in various diseases, including COPD. However, the optimal therapeutic pathways for different stages of COPD remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvanced emphysema leads to high false positivity rate for pneumothorax in point of care ultrasound.
Respir Med
December 2024
Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) is used to assess pleural movement in patients with advanced emphysema, but its effectiveness in these patients is not well established.
- A study evaluated ultrasound findings in 48 COPD patients and found a significant number showed abnormal patterns, such as absent lung sliding or a barcode appearance.
- Results indicated there is limited correlation between ultrasound abnormalities and standard lung function measures, highlighting a need for cautious interpretation of POCUS in these cases.
The effect of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction on the bronchodilator response.
J Thorac Dis
October 2024
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
Background: Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) is a method of achieving lung collapse in severely emphysematous regions. One of the measures of success is the improvement in post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV). The change in bronchodilator response (BDR) following BLVR is typically not reported, however, the changes in lung physiology that accompany endobronchial valve placement may impact aerosol drug delivery and alter the response to bronchodilators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!