Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a neuroimaging technique that has allowed us an unprecedented look at the role that white matter microstructure may play in mental illnesses, such as psychosis. Psychosis-related illnesses, including schizophrenia, are increasingly viewed as existing along a spectrum; spectrums may be defined based on factors such as stage of illness, symptom severity, or genetic liability. This review first focuses on an overview of some of the recent findings from DWI studies. Then, it examines the ways in which DWI analyses have been extended across the broader psychosis spectrum, or spectrums, and what we have learned from such approaches.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.03.014 | DOI Listing |
J Psychiatry Neurosci
January 2025
From the Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Qiao, Zhao, Cong, Y. Li, Tian, Yang, Cao, Su); the School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China (Zhu); the Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China (P. Li).
Background: White matter damage is closely associated with cognitive and psychiatric symptoms and is prevalent in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD); although the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in CSVD remain elusive, inflammation plays a crucial role. We sought to investigate the relationship between systemic inflammation markers and imaging markers of CVSD, namely white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and microstructural injury.
Methods: We conducted a study involving both cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the UK Biobank Cohort.
J Clin Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China. Electronic address:
Objectives: This study investigated the correlation between retinal vasculature and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) imaging markers, providing new evidence for the retina-brain association.
Methods: Two hundred and thirty-nine participants aged 55-85 were enrolled in the study. CSVD indicators, encompassing white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), lacunes (LAs), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs), were assessed.
Ann Am Thorac Soc
January 2025
University of California San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, California, United States.
Rationale: Globally, in 2019, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the third leading cause of death. While tobacco smoking is the predominant risk factor, the role of long-term air pollution exposure in increasing risk of COPD remains unclear. Moreover, there are few studies that have been conducted in racial and ethnic minoritized and socioeconomically diverse populations, while accounting for smoking history and other known risk factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQJM
January 2025
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110001, India.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego.
Importance: The degree that in-home cannabis smoking can be detected in the urine of resident children is unclear.
Objective: Test association of in-home cannabis smoking with urinary cannabinoids in children living at home.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used baseline data from Project Fresh Air, a 2012-2016 randomized clinical trial to reduce fine particulate matter levels.
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