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<PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">32348903</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>23</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>23</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2213-7173</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>22</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Sep</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of global antimicrobial resistance</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Glob Antimicrob Resist</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>A five-year retrospective study shows increasing rates of antimicrobial drug resistance in Cabo Verde for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>483</StartPage><EndPage>487</EndPage><MedlinePgn>483-487</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.jgar.2020.04.002</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S2213-7165(20)30094-1</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES">Data on baseline drug resistance important in informing future antimicrobial stewardship programs. So far, no data on the antimicrobial drug resistance of clinical isolates available for the African archipelago of Cabo Verde.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS">We performed a retrospective analysis over years (2013-17) of the drug susceptibility profiles of clinical isolates in the two main hospitals of Cabo Verde. For Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, representing 47% and 26% of all clinical isolates, the antimicrobial drug resistance profile was reported for six representative drugs.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS">For E. coli we detected an increase in resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-and for S. aureus to methicillin, erythromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. This increase in both the most commonly isolated bacterial pathogens is alarm as it might compromise empirical treatment in a setting with limited access to laboratory testing.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">When compared to the published low resistance rates in carriage isolates, the more alarming situation in clinical isolates for S. aureus might encourage antimicrobial stewardship programs to reduce in hospital settings, possibly as part of the Cabo Verdean national plan against antimicrobial drug resistance.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright &#xa9; 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Monteiro</LastName><ForeName>Tamar</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculdade de Ci&#xea;ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Cabo Verde, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wysocka</LastName><ForeName>Magdalena</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tellez</LastName><ForeName>Elena</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hospital Agostinho Neto, Minist&#xe9;rio da Sa&#xfa;de e Seguran&#xe7;a Social, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Monteiro</LastName><ForeName>Ofelia</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hospital Agostinho Neto, Minist&#xe9;rio da Sa&#xfa;de e Seguran&#xe7;a Social, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Spencer</LastName><ForeName>Luzia</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hospital Agostinho Neto, Minist&#xe9;rio da Sa&#xfa;de e Seguran&#xe7;a Social, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Veiga</LastName><ForeName>Elisa</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hospital Agostinho Neto, Minist&#xe9;rio da Sa&#xfa;de e Seguran&#xe7;a Social, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Monteiro</LastName><ForeName>Sandra</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hospital Baptista de Sousa, Minist&#xe9;rio da Sa&#xfa;de e Seguran&#xe7;a Social, Mindelo, S&#xe3;o Vicente, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Pina</LastName><ForeName>Carine</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculdade de Ci&#xea;ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Cabo Verde, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gon&#xe7;alves</LastName><ForeName>Deisy</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculdade de Ci&#xea;ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Cabo Verde, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Pina</LastName><ForeName>Sandrine</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculdade de Ci&#xea;ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Cabo Verde, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ludgero-Correia</LastName><ForeName>Antonio</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculdade de Ci&#xea;ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Cabo Verde, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moreno</LastName><ForeName>Joao</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculdade de Ci&#xea;ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Cabo Verde, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Concei&#xe7;&#xe3;o</LastName><ForeName>Teresa</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Qu&#xed;mica e Biol&#xf3;gica Ant&#xf3;nio Xavier (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aires-de-Sousa</LastName><ForeName>Marta</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Qu&#xed;mica e Biol&#xf3;gica Ant&#xf3;nio Xavier (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Lencastre</LastName><ForeName>Herminia</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Qu&#xed;mica e Biol&#xf3;gica Ant&#xf3;nio Xavier (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal; Laboratory of Microbiology &amp; Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gray</LastName><ForeName>Laura J</ForeName><Initials>LJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pareek</LastName><ForeName>Manish</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jenkins</LastName><ForeName>David R</ForeName><Initials>DR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester, NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Beleza</LastName><ForeName>Sandra</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Oggioni</LastName><ForeName>Marco R</ForeName><Initials>MR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. Electronic address: mro5@leicester.ac.uk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Araujo</LastName><ForeName>Isabel In&#xea;s</ForeName><Initials>II</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculdade de Ci&#xea;ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Cabo Verde, Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>ANCoVer project</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>MR/V027549/1</GrantID><Acronym>MRC_</Acronym><Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>PDF-2015-08-102</GrantID><Acronym>DH_</Acronym><Agency>Department of Health</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>J Glob Antimicrob Resist</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101622459</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2213-7165</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000900">Anti-Bacterial Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000900" MajorTopicYN="N">Anti-Bacterial Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055726" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Cabo Verde</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004926" MajorTopicYN="Y">Escherichia coli</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012189" MajorTopicYN="N">Retrospective Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013211" MajorTopicYN="Y">Staphylococcus aureus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>Declaration of Competing Interest Authors declare no competing interest with respect to the work performed in the manuscript.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>31</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>3</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2021</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>24</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32348903</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.jgar.2020.04.002</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S2213-7165(20)30094-1</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle></PubmedArticleSet>