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Targeted conservation genetics of the endangered chimpanzee. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Common chimpanzee populations are at risk of extinction due to habitat destruction and illegal trade, prompting the need for conservation programs.
  • Researchers designed a capture array with 60,000 ancestry markers to assess the ancestry and geographical origin of chimpanzees in conservation programs and those rescued from illegal trade.
  • The study identified 90 purebred individuals for future conservation efforts and outlined the potential for using genomic analysis as a non-invasive tool to enhance endangered species management.

Article Abstract

Populations of the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) are in an impending risk of going extinct in the wild as a consequence of damaging anthropogenic impact on their natural habitat and illegal pet and bushmeat trade. Conservation management programmes for the chimpanzee have been established outside their natural range (ex situ), and chimpanzees from these programmes could potentially be used to supplement future conservation initiatives in the wild (in situ). However, these programmes have often suffered from inadequate information about the geographical origin and subspecies ancestry of the founders. Here, we present a newly designed capture array with ~60,000 ancestry informative markers used to infer ancestry of individual chimpanzees in ex situ populations and determine geographical origin of confiscated sanctuary individuals. From a test panel of 167 chimpanzees with unknown origins or subspecies labels, we identify 90 suitable non-admixed individuals in the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA) Ex situ Programme (EEP). Equally important, another 46 individuals have been identified with admixed subspecies ancestries, which therefore over time, should be naturally phased out of the breeding populations. With potential for future re-introduction to the wild, we determine the geographical origin of 31 individuals that were confiscated from the illegal trade and demonstrate the promises of using non-invasive sampling in future conservation action plans. Collectively, our genomic approach provides an exemplar for ex situ management of endangered species and offers an efficient tool in future in situ efforts to combat the illegal wildlife trade.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7413263PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41437-020-0313-0DOI Listing

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