Metabolic Effects of Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides on Selected Commensals of the Infant Microbiome-Commensalism and Postbiotic Effects.

Oligosaccharides from human or bovine milk selectively stimulate growth or metabolism of bacteria associated with the lower gastrointestinal tract of infants. Results from complex infant-type co-cultures point toward a possible synergistic effect of combining bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and lactose (LAC) on enhancing the metabolism of subsp. and inhibition of We examine the interaction between subsp. and the commensal , by culturing them in mono- and co-culture with different carbohydrates available. To understand the interaction between BMO and lactose on . subsp. and test the potential postbiotic effect on growth and/or metabolic activity, we inoculated into fresh media and compared the metabolic changes to in cell-free supernatant from subsp. fermented media. In co-culture, subsp. benefits from (commensalism), especially in a lactose-rich environment. Furthermore, subsp. fermentation of BMO + LAC impaired ' ability to utilize BMO as a carbon source (potential postbiotic effect).