Purpose: Comparison of medical specialization of repeated exposure to secondary trauma and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms in pediatric nurses was examined.
Design And Methods: The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) was administered to 182 nurses over their first year on the job at a pediatric hospital (three time-points: baseline, 3 month follow-up, and 1 year follow-up). Demographic characteristics (age groups, gender, education, and race) and previous healthcare experience on whether nurses met criteria for no, partial, or full PTSD across all three time-points was examined. Differences in unit assignment on total PTSD symptoms and symptoms of each criterion of PTSD (re-experiencing, avoidance, and arousal) were also examined.
Results: No significant differences of both demographic characteristics and previous healthcare experience were found on these PTSD categories. However, both ICU and Hematology/Oncology units were more at risk for developing partial and full PTSD, respectively compared to other units. Nurses in the rehabilitation units had significantly higher re-experiencing, avoidance, and arousal symptoms than those assigned to medical/surgical and intensive care units.
Conclusions: Results demonstrate a need for hospitals to assess why nurses from certain units are reporting more PTSD symptoms and screen for PTSD symptoms and other mental health concerns throughout their career.
Practice Implications: Being aware of which units may be more at-risk should inform unit-specific prevention and intervention programs to decrease negative outcomes, including burnout, compassion fatigue, and job dissatisfaction.
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