AI Article Synopsis
- - Microbubble-assisted ultrasound is a new technique for delivering drugs directly to specific areas in the body by increasing blood vessel permeability using ultrasound activation.
- - This approach initially targets endothelial cells, affecting their membrane integrity and enhancing drug uptake in tissues.
- - The review covers both laboratory and live studies on how this method works, including the biological mechanisms involved and factors like ultrasound settings and microbubble characteristics that influence results.
Article Abstract
Microbubble-assisted ultrasound has emerged as a promising method for local drug delivery. Microbubbles are intravenously injected and locally activated by ultrasound, thus increasing the permeability of vascular endothelium for facilitating extravasation and drug uptake into the treated tissue. Thereby, endothelial cells are the first target of the effects of ultrasound-driven microbubbles. In this review, the in vitro and in vivo bioeffects of this method on endothelial cells are described and discussed, including aspects on the permeabilization of biologic barriers (endothelial cell plasma membranes and endothelial barriers), the restoration of their integrity, the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in both these processes, and the resulting intracellular and intercellular consequences. Finally, the influence of the acoustic settings, microbubble parameters, treatment schedules and flow parameters on these bioeffects are also reviewed.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.03.013 | DOI Listing |
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