The increasing incidence of chronic pathologies and especially non-AIDS defining cancers, such as lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, and Hodgkin's lymphoma after the introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy requires the infectious diseases specialist to know how and when to suspect and diagnose cancer in people living with HIV. The aim of this review is to provide updated studies and information about non-AIDS defining cancers and their management in PLWH sheading a light on possible futures scenarios.
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Spectrum and trends of cancer among HIV patients in Southwestern Uganda.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda.
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores cellular immunity, significantly reducing AIDS-related mortality and morbidity thus improving the quality of life among People living with HIV (PLHIV). Studies done in several countries show a decline in AIDS defining cancers (ADCs) with the introduction of ART however the increased longevity has led to the increase of Non-AIDS defining cancers (NADCs). The study was aimed at studying the changing spectrum and trends of cancer among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients in southwestern Uganda.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical events associated with poor CD4 T-cell recovery in people living with HIV following ART: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Infect
January 2025
Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China. Electronic address:
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH), but poor CD4 T-cell recovery remains a challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between poor CD4 T-cell recovery and the morbidity of clinical events (CEs) in PLWH after ART initiation.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of the EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to February 19, 2024, and included studies that reported the number of CEs along with the CD4 count at the time of the CEs or the most recent CD4 count prior to the CEs.
Malignancies in people living with HIV: A 25-years observational study from a tertiary hospital in Italy.
J Infect Public Health
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Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G D'Alessandro," University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit and Sicilian Regional Reference Center for the fight against AIDS, AOU Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy. Electronic address:
Background: HIV infection has been associated with an increased risk of cancer development and Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and invasive cervical cancers have been a manifestation of AIDS. With the advent of antiretroviral therapy, a collateral appearance of non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC) has been observed in HIV positive patients.
Methods: From January 1997 to December 2022, we performed an observational cross-sectional study, involving HIV-infected outpatients with both AIDS-defining cancers (ADC) and NADC, followed up in a tertiary hospital in Italy.
Plasma anti-CD4 IgG levels are associated with poor immune recovery in people with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy.
AIDS
February 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
A segment of people with HIV on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) continue to experience poor immune recovery, leaving them at heightened risk of non-AIDS-defining events (NAEs). The production of anti-CD4 IgG autoreactive antibodies is suggested as one contributing mechanism to these complications. Here, we found that plasma anti-CD4 levels do not discriminate immunological responders from nonresponders nor predict the occurrence of NAEs, suggesting it is unlikely a contributing immunopathological factor associated with these complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV and Inflamm-Aging: How Do We Reach the Summit of Healthy Aging?
Top Antivir Med
December 2024
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
People with HIV (PWH) are living longer and experiencing a greater burden of morbidity from non-AIDS-defining conditions. Chronically treated HIV disease is associated with ongoing systemic inflammation that contributes to the development of chronic conditions (eg, cardiovascular disease) and geriatric syndromes (eg, frailty). Apart from HIV disease, a progressive increase in systemic inflammation is a characteristic feature of biologic aging, a process described as "inflammaging.
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