The use of functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques in the evaluation of patients with disorders of consciousness: a case report.

Purpose: The management of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) constitutes a challenge for clinicians.

Case Report: We present the case of a 66-year-old man who developed coma with subsequent DOC after a severe traumatic brain injury. Behavioural assessment constitutes the gold standard in the evaluation of patients with DOC. In the case presented herein the neuropsychological findings were ambiguous, and the patient underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine whether he was in a vegetative state or minimally conscious state. Three paradigms: passive, active, and resting state fMRI were used to study the brain activity in our patient.

Conclusions: fMRI provided reliable evidence of preserved minimal consciousness. The neuroimaging techniques used in our patient were vital for his further treatment.