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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/hvaa097 | DOI Listing |
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Localised wastewater SARS-CoV-2 levels linked to COVID-19 cases: A long-term multisite study in England.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
School of Environmental Sciences, UEA, NR4 7TJ, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, London, UK. Electronic address:
Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) can monitor for the presence of human health pathogens in the population. During COVID-19, WBS was widely used to determine wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration (concentrations) providing information on community COVID-19 cases (cases). However, studies examining the relationship between concentrations and cases tend to be localised or focussed on small-scale institutional settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBuilding a Fast Response Capability for Emerging Infectious Diseases Within the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority.
Health Secur
January 2025
Robert A. Johnson, PhD, is Director, Medical Countermeasures Programs, and Gary L. Disbrow, PhD, is Director, Center for Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Washington, DC. Terence M. Barnhart, PhD, is Senior Strategy Implementation Leader, Tunnell Government Services, Inc. (Contractor Supporting BARDA), Washington, DC.
From influenza to COVID-19, emerging infectious diseases have taken a heavy toll on lives and resources. Emerging infectious diseases represent one of the largest threats to national security. The primary mission of the Center for Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), within the US Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, is to support the advanced development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) for public health security threats, including select infectious diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStrengthening research preparedness for crises: lessons from Norwegian government agencies in using randomized trials and quasi-experimental methods to evaluate public policy interventions.
Health Res Policy Syst
January 2025
Centre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
During public health crises such as pandemics, governments must rapidly adopt and implement wide-reaching policies and programs ("public policy interventions"). A key takeaway from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was that although numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focussed on drugs and vaccines, few policy experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of public policy interventions across various sectors on viral transmission and other consequences. Moreover, many quasi-experimental studies were of spurious quality, thus proving unhelpful for informing public policy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStewarding COVID-19 health systems response in Pakistan: what more can be done for a primary health care approach to future pandemics?
BMJ Glob Health
January 2025
Pakistan Ministry of National Health Services Regulations and Coordination, Islamabad, Pakistan.
We apply a primary healthcare (PHC) perspective to gauge Pakistan's health systems response to COVID-19, to identify stewardship lessons for integrating the PHC pandemic response. Analysis of Pakistan's response against the Astana PHC framework shows that the imperative for national survival helped mobilise an agile response across a fragmented health security context. The findings show effective multisector governance in responding to the health and social aspects of the pandemic, as well as the rapid roll-out of several public health functions and emergency care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAwareness of anaphylaxis among public in Al-Ahsa City of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.
PLoS One
January 2025
Respiratory Service, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction requiring prompt treatment with epinephrine. However, gaps in public understanding exist globally. To guide future education efforts, this study assessed anaphylaxis awareness among adults in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
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