The deployment of United States (US) Armed Forces personnel into the central Pacific islands of Samoa and Tonga, which is highly-endemic for lymphatic filariasis (LF), resulted in thousands of cases of the acute form of this disease and greatly reduced their ability to carry out their mission. The major driving factor for the intensity of transmission was the aggressiveness and efficiency of the species mosquito vectors, especially the day-biting The paper reminds us of the danger that tropical diseases can pose for troops sent into endemic areas and constant and careful surveillance that is required to prevent rapid resurgence of -transmitted LF in populations, where the LF elimination program has been successful.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5020063 | DOI Listing |
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Background: Sensitive diagnostic tools that signal lymphatic filariasis (LF) transmission are needed to monitor the progress of LF elimination programs. Anti-filarial antibody (Ab) markers could be more sensitive than antigen (Ag) point-of-care tests for monitoring LF transmission in some settings. This study aimed to investigate the sensitivity of anti-filarial Abs for detecting signals of LF transmission in Samoa by i) investigating the sensitivity and specificity of Ab to identify Ag-positives; ii) estimating the average number needed to test (NNTestav) to identify LF-seropositives (seropositive for Ag and/or any Ab), and iii) compare the efficiency of the different serological indicators by target age group and sampling design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Infect Dis
January 2025
Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Objectives: Zimbabwe is endemic for lymphatic filariasis (LF) with 39 districts identified for mass drug administration (MDA) in 2014. The objective of this study was to reassess the current population requiring MDA.
Methods: The LF confirmatory mapping method was used to evaluate the prevalence of circulating filarial antigens (CFA) among school-aged children (9-14 years) in previously endemic districts.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Pan-African Community Initiative on Education and Health (PACIEH), Ekulu West GRA, No. 8 Somto Anugwom Close, Enugu, Enugu State, 400102, Nigeria.
Introduction: Nigeria has a significant burden of NTDs with more than 120 million people at risk of the dominant NTDs namely Lymphatic Filariasis, Onchocerciasis, and Schistosomiasis. Control efforts have involved the four levels of governance with programs focused on vector control, preventive chemotherapy, water, sanitation and health education. However, the coordination across these levels and with multiple stakeholders remains unclear especially in states like Taraba that have received significant funding from local non-governmental organisations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Center for Global Health and Disease, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.
Background: WHO recommends two annual rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine, and albendazole (IDA) for lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination in treatment naïve areas that are not co-endemic for onchocerciasis such as Papua New Guinea (PNG). Whether two rounds of MDA are necessary or sufficient and the optimal sampling strategies and endpoints for stopping MDA remain undefined.
Methods And Findings: Two cross-sectional studies were conducted at baseline (N = 49 clusters or villages) and 12 months after mass drug administration (MDA) with IDA (N = 47 villages) to assess lymphatic filariasis (LF) by circulating filarial antigenemia (CFA) and microfilariae (Mf).
Int J Infect Dis
January 2025
FHI 360, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Electronic address:
Objectives: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination efforts in Ghana have been ongoing since 2001, achieving substantial progress through mass drug administration (MDA). However, despite significant advances, LF transmission persists in certain areas. Some districts previously classified as non-endemic have reported lymphedema and hydrocele cases, raising concerns about LF endemicity.
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