Precision medicine through liquid biopsy represents an emerging approach in the management of cancer. The CTC count in blood samples from patients with advanced breast cancer is a powerful prognostic factor for both progression free and overall survival. Moreover, high levels of CTCs at any time during the treatment can reliably predict progression before imaging studies and/or tumor markers. Furthermore, there are works on the molecular characterization of the CTCs and their potential ability to guide the treatment in a dynamic way. However, their role remains controversial. Detection and enumeration of CTCs is variable among different tumors and is subjected to biases related mainly to their methodology, which is not completely standardized. In addition, they must demonstrate their clinical value to guide the treatment and a translation on patient's survival.
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