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Exploring the Role of Axons in ALS from Multiple Perspectives.
Cells
December 2024
Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as motor neuron disease, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. This pathological process results in muscle weakness and can culminate in paralysis. To date, the precise etiology of ALS remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Trail of axonal protein Synthesis: Origins and current functional Landscapes.
Neuroscience
January 2025
Departamento de Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, MEC, Av. Italia 3318, Montevideo, CP 11600, Uruguay; Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá, Montevideo, 4225, CP 11400, Uruguay. Electronic address:
Local protein synthesis (LPS) in axons is now recognized as a physiological process, participating both in the maintenance of axonal function and diverse plastic phenomena. In the last decades of the 20th century, the existence and function of axonal LPS were topics of significant debate. Very early, axonal LPS was thought not to occur at all and was later accepted to play roles only during development or in response to specific conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of RGC degeneration in the pathogenesis of glaucoma.
Int J Biol Sci
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China.
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and axonal degeneration, resulting in irreversible vision impairment. While intraocular pressure (IOP) is presently acknowledged as the sole modifiable risk factor, the sensitivity of RGCs to IOP varies among individuals. Consequently, progressive vision loss may ensue even when IOP is effectively managed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStabilization of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes regulates Aβ generation in a three-dimensional neural model of Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.
Introduction: We previously demonstrated that regulating mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) affects axonal Aβ generation in a well-characterized three-dimensional (3D) neural Alzheimer's disease (AD) model. MAMs vary in thickness and length, impacting their functions. Here, we examined the effect of MAM thickness on Aβ in our 3D neural model of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuronal activity inhibits mitochondrial transport only in synaptically connected segments of the axon.
Front Cell Neurosci
December 2024
Lab for Enteric NeuroScience (LENS), TARGID, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Due to their large scale and uniquely branched architecture, neurons critically rely on active transport of mitochondria in order to match energy production and calcium buffering to local demand. Consequently, defective mitochondrial trafficking is implicated in various neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. A key signal regulating mitochondrial transport is intracellular calcium.
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