Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice with a large socioeconomic impact due to its associated morbidity, mortality, reduction in quality of life and health care costs. Currently, antiarrhythmic drug therapy is the first line of treatment for most symptomatic AF patients, despite its limited efficacy, the risk of inducing potentially life-threating ventricular tachyarrhythmias as well as other side effects. Alternative, in-hospital treatment modalities consisting of electrical cardioversion and invasive catheter ablation improve patients' symptoms, but often have to be repeated and are still associated with serious complications and only suitable for specific subgroups of AF patients. The development and progression of AF generally results from the interplay of multiple disease pathways and is accompanied by structural and functional (e.g., electrical) tissue remodeling. Rational development of novel treatment modalities for AF, with its many different etiologies, requires a comprehensive insight into the complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Monolayers of atrial cells represent a simplified surrogate of atrial tissue well-suited to investigate atrial arrhythmia mechanisms, since they can easily be used in a standardized, systematic and controllable manner to study the role of specific pathways and processes in the genesis, perpetuation and termination of atrial arrhythmias. In this review, we provide an overview of the currently available two- and three-dimensional multicellular systems for investigating the initiation, maintenance and termination of atrial arrhythmias and AF. This encompasses cultures of primary (animal-derived) atrial cardiomyocytes (CMs), pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial-like CMs and (conditionally) immortalized atrial CMs. The strengths and weaknesses of each of these model systems for studying atrial arrhythmias will be discussed as well as their implications for future studies.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7138102 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2020.00043 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Very High-Power Short-Duration Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol
January 2025
Department of Electrophysiology, German Heart Center Munich, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
Introduction: Data regarding safety and long-term outcome of very high-power-short duration (vHPSD) ablation in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients with paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) are lacking.
Methods: Retrospective observational single-center study. The data of 66 consecutive ACHD patients (mean age 60 ± 12.
Bridging the Gaps in Atrial Fibrillation Management in the Emergency Department.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Jersey General Hospital, Gloucester Street, St. Helier, Jersey JE1 3QS, UK.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently presents in emergency departments (EDs), contributing significantly to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Despite established guidelines, ED management of AF often varies, revealing important gaps in care. This review addresses specific challenges in AF management for patients in the ED, including the nuances of rate versus rhythm control, the timing of anticoagulation initiation, and patient disposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContemporary Trends in Pulsed Field Ablation for Cardiac Arrhythmias.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis
December 2024
Department of Cardiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a catheter-based procedure that utilizes short high voltage and short-duration electrical field pulses to induce tissue injury. The last decade has yielded significant scientific progress and quickened interest in PFA as an energy modality leading to the emergence of the clinical use of PFA technologies for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. It is generally agreed that more research is needed to improve our biophysical understanding of PFA for clinical cardiac applications as well as its potential as a potential alternative energy source to thermal ablation modalities for the treatment of other arrhythmias.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Multi-Level Multiple Contrastive Learning Method for Single-Lead Electrocardiogram Atrial Fibrillation Detection.
Bioengineering (Basel)
January 2025
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common persistent arrhythmia, and it is crucial to develop generalizable automatic AF detection methods. However, supervised AF detection is often limited in performance due to the difficulty in obtaining labeled data. To address the gap between limited labeled data and the requirements for model robustness and generalization in single-lead ECG AF detection, we proposed a semi-supervised contrastive learning method named MLMCL for AF detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtrial Fibrillation Related Titin Truncation Is Associated With Atrial Myopathy in Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Disease Models.
Circ Genom Precis Med
January 2025
Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. (K.H., M.A., L.R., Y.L., A.S., H.H., L.R.B., Z.W.L.).
Background: Protein-truncating mutations in the titin gene are associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation. However, little is known about the underlying pathophysiology.
Methods: We identified a heterozygous titin truncating variant (TTNtv) in a patient with unexplained early onset atrial fibrillation and normal ventricular function.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!