Commensal Bacteria Modulate Immunoglobulin A Binding in Response to Host Nutrition.

Cell Host Microbe

Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Electronic address:

Published: June 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • IgA plays a crucial role in maintaining a balance between beneficial microbes and the host in the gut, but its effectiveness is reduced in undernourished children.
  • The study used a mouse model to explore how undernutrition affects IgA targeting and found that undernourished mice do not recognize Lactobacillus as well as healthy mice due to rapid bacterial adaptations.
  • Nutritional stress causes Lactobacillus to change in ways that hinder its recognition by IgA, leading to less effective colonization in the gut, showcasing the impact of diet on immune-microbial interactions.

Article Abstract

Immunoglobulin (Ig) A controls host-microbial homeostasis in the gut. IgA recognition of beneficial bacteria is decreased in acutely undernourished children, but the factors driving these changes in IgA targeting are unknown. Child undernutrition is a global health challenge that is exacerbated by poor sanitation and intestinal inflammation. To understand how nutrition impacts immune-microbe interactions, we used a mouse model of undernutrition with or without fecal-oral exposure and assessed IgA-bacterial targeting from weaning to adulthood. In contrast to healthy control mice, undernourished mice fail to develop IgA recognition of intestinal Lactobacillus. Glycan-mediated interactions between Lactobacillus and host antibodies are lost in undernourished mice due to rapid bacterial adaptation. Lactobacillus adaptations occur in direct response to nutritional pressure, independently of host IgA, and are associated with reduced mucosal colonization and with bacterial mutations in carbohydrate processing genes. Together these data indicate that diet-driven bacterial adaptations shape IgA recognition in the gut.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.012DOI Listing

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