Secondary lymphohistiocytosis is a severe inflammatory condition characterized by uncontrolled inflammatory response hyperactivation of antigen-presenting cells, hemophagocytosis, cytopenias, and multiorgan failure, and is secondary to subjacent pathologies such as cancer, infection, or immune disease. Standard treatment includes chemotherapy; however, this is not always possible or safe. Ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor can reduce inflammation and cytokine activity and has been used in refractory cases and first-line treatment. Here, we present a 35-year-old patient with HIV infection and secondary lymphohistiocytosis due to CMV/EBV infection who was successfully treated with ruxolitinib as first-line therapy. He rapidly showed clinical and biochemical improvement and transfusion independence without complications.
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Myelofibrosis (MF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that was most commonly treated with hydroxyurea (HU) prior to approval of ruxolitinib (RUX), now the standard of care. Factors that influence changes in MF treatment in real-world settings are not well understood. The METER study (NCT05444972) was a multi-country retrospective chart review of MF treatment patterns, treatment effectiveness, and healthcare resource utilization.
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