Prevalence of Multi-Antibiotic Resistant and species obtained from a Tertiary Medical Institution in Oyo State, Nigeria.

The development of multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria, especially Gram-negative bacteria which are the major cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide, had been increasing. and sp. had become more resistant to different classes of antibiotics, and the treatment of infections caused by these bacteria had developed into a challenge in both developed and developing countries. This study had determined the multi-antibiotic resistance (MAR) patterns of and sp. isolated from clinical inpatient and outpatient samples. The present study had used 50 . and 48 sp. isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility test had been carried out by using disk diffusion method, and the interpretation of results of the zones of inhibition had accorded with Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The antibiotics used had included the following: streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, nitrofurantoin, amikacin, gentamicin, ofloxacin, cefepime, oxacillin, colistin sulfate, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, pefloxacine, and cloxacillin. and had shown high-resistance patterns. had exhibited high resistance against cloxacillin (96%), oxacillin (96%), erythromycin (88%), and most especially streptomycin (98%). Similarly, had presented a high resistance to streptomycin (88%), cloxacillin (92%), oxacillin (92%), and colistin (92%). had presented the highest multidrug resistance with a MAR index of 1.00. A total of 17 isolates had shown resistance to the 14 antibiotics tested. and sp. in clinical isolates in outpatients and inpatients in Ibadan, Western Nigeria had demonstrated high antimicrobial resistance. Thus, such condition should be considered a major public health concern, and measures must be taken to establish the sources and drivers of this problem.