Expression analysis of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis in mice with MPTP-induced model of Parkinson's disease.

The mitochondrion is an extremely important organelle that performs various functions in the cell: e.g. energy production, regulation of respiration processes and maintenance of calcium homeostasis. Disruption of the biogenesis and functioning of this organelle can lead to cell damage and cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to possibly be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. However, the role of genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis in the early stages of disease remains poorly understood. The objective of the present study was to analyze changes in the expression of activator (, and ) and repressor ( and ) genes of mitochondrial biogenesis in the early stages of the development of neurodegeneration in an MPTP-induced model of presymptomatic and early symptomatic stages of PD. Statistically significant changes in expression at the mRNA level were detected for all studied genes. There was mainly a decrease in the expression of activator genes (, and ) at all stages of neurodegeneration, which seemed to be associated with impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and the development of neurodegeneration processes. A predominant decrease in the expression was detected for the and repressor genes of mitochondrial biogenesis. However, in this case, it was associated with the emergence of compensatory mechanisms during the development of Parkinson's disease. The largest number of statistically significant changes was detected for the activator gene and the repressor gene. Apparently, these two genes play the most important role in this disease.