Purpose: To explore the combined effect of recombinant human transforming growth factor-β1 (rhTGF-β1) and recombinant human platelet derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) on the expression of Pyk2 in the osteoclasts of the pressure side of orthodontic tooth in rats.
Methods: One hundred and sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental group(A) and control group(B) to establish orthodontic tooth movement model. Rats in the experimental group received combined injection of 5 ng rhTGF-β1 and 10 ng rhPDGF-BB in the buccal submucosal area of the left upper first molar every other day, while rats in the control group received equivalent volumes of PBS. Rats in each group were sacrificed at each of 5 time points(1,4,7,10 and 14 days) after appliance placement. The distance of the tooth movement was measured with stereomicroscope, the change of the amount of osteoclasts was detected with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase histochemistry (TRAP), the protein and mRNA expression of Pyk2 was detected by immunohistochemistry and real time PCR(RT-PCR). SPSS19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The distance of teeth in group A moved more rapidly than in group B, except for the first day, significant differences were found (P<0.05) in all time points.The number of osteoclasts in group A was significantly higher than that in group B, except for the 14th day, compared with the control group(P<0.05). Pyk2 protein and gene expression of group A was significantly higher than group B, both groups reached a peak in 7 days and gradually decreased thereafter, except in the first day, the expression of protein Pyk2 was significantly different at other time points (P<0.05).
Conclusions: rhTGF-β1 and rhPDGF-BB up-regulated the expression of Pyk2 protein and mRNA gene on the pressure side of orthodontic tooth in rats, which may be one of the reasons for accelerating the rate of orthodontic tooth movement.
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