The Biology of the HIV-1 Latent Reservoir and Implications for Cure Strategies.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) inhibits HIV replication but is not curative. During ART, the integrated HIV genome persists indefinitely within CD4 T cells and perhaps other cells. Here, we describe the mechanisms thought to contribute to its persistence during treatment and highlight findings from numerous recent studies describing the importance of cell proliferation in that process. Continued progress elucidating the biology will enhance our ability to develop effective curative interventions.