We report results of the studies relating to the phase transformation of bare FeO nanoparticles (NPs) to α-FeO NPs obtained during electrophoretic film deposition onto indium-tin oxide coated glass plates. The in situ oxidation of NPs during electrophoretic deposition can be circumvented using surface passivation of the FeO NPs with an organic shell (carbon) as well as an inorganic shell (silica), while retaining the biocompatibility of the FeO NPs. XRD and XPS studies reveal the transformation of FeO NPs to α-FeO NPs upon electrophoretic deposition, and the retention of the phase of the FeO NPs upon encapsulation with carbon and silica, respectively. The results of SEM studies indicate decreased agglomeration of the FeO NPs upon encapsulation during film deposition. Attempts have been made to compare the characteristics of cholesterol biosensors fabricated using FeO@C and α-FeO NPs, respectively. The FeO@C NPs based cholesterol biosensor shows response time of 60 s, a linearity range of 25-500 mg dl, a sensitivity of 193 nA mg dl cm and a Michaelis-Menten constant of 1.44 mg dl.
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