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Trends in null hypothesis significance testing: Still going strong.
Heliyon
November 2024
Predictive Society and Data Analytics Lab, Faculty of Information Technology and Communication Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) is among the most prominent and widely used methods for analyzing data. At the same time, NHST has been criticized since many years because of misuses and misconceptions that can be found extensively in the scholarly literature. Furthermore, in recent years, NHST has been identified as one reason for the replication crisis because many studies place too much emphasis on statistical significance for drawing conclusions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTowards a rigorous analysis of mutual information in contrastive learning.
Neural Netw
November 2024
Department of Intelligence and Information, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; AI Institute, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. Electronic address:
Contrastive learning has emerged as a cornerstone in unsupervised representation learning. Its primary paradigm involves an instance discrimination task utilizing InfoNCE loss where the loss has been proven to be a form of mutual information. Consequently, it has become a common practice to analyze contrastive learning using mutual information as a measure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReasons for COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Patients Listed for Solid Organ Transplants.
Transplant Proc
August 2024
Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Background: Patients listed for solid organ transplants (LSOTP) are at high risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes. Despite national guidelines recommending COVID-19 vaccination for LSOTP, vaccine hesitancy and underuse are reported in this population; however, reasons for this finding have not been examined thoroughly.
Methods: This single-center retrospective survey analysis aimed to characterize reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among 110 heart, liver, and kidney patients LSOTP who had not received all the recommended vaccine doses at the time of the study.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Labor Analgesia Amongst Obstetric Residents: A Cross-Sectional Survey.
Cureus
June 2024
Anesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND.
Article Synopsis
- * An online survey among obstetric residents revealed that 75.7% rarely used labor analgesia, mainly opting for opioids and NSAIDs, often based on patient requests; however, availability issues limited its use.
- * The study highlights a gap between awareness and actual practice of labor analgesia, emphasizing the need for better education to overcome misconceptions and improve care for pregnant women.
Gluco-regulation & type 2 diabetes: entrenched misconceptions updated to new governing principles for gold standard management.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
June 2024
Social Alchemy: Building Physician Competency Across the Globe, Sacatepéquez, Guatemala.
Article Synopsis
- Our understanding of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has changed significantly, challenging long-held beliefs and providing new insights into its onset and progression.
- The review discusses historical misconceptions about T2D, emphasizing new evidence related to beta cell function and the defects that affect glucose regulation.
- It advocates for a shift in management practices, focusing on complication-centric prescribing to enhance treatment strategies from prediabetes to advanced T2D.
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