AI Article Synopsis
- Graphene oxide (GO) was chemically modified with d-mannose (man-GO) to improve its properties for biomedical applications, confirmed by XPS and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy through specific binding energies and increased amine bond intensity.
- Toxicity tests showed that man-GO is less harmful to human red blood cells compared to plain GO, indicating a significant reduction in hemolysis.
- The study also identified 109 proteins in the man-GO's hard corona through LC-MS/MS, suggesting enhanced biocompatibility and potential for future use in medical applications.
Article Abstract
In this work, graphene oxide (GO) was covalently functionalized with d-mannose (man-GO) using mannosylated ethylenediamine. XPS (C1s and N1s) confirmed the functionalization of GO through the binding energies at 288.2 eV and 399.8 eV, respectively, which are attributed to the amide bond. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy showed an increase in the amine bond intensity, at 1625 cm (stretching C[double bond, length as m-dash]O), after the functionalization step. Furthermore, the man-GO toxicity to human red blood cells (hemolysis) and its nanobiointeractions with human plasma proteins (hard corona formation) were evaluated. The mannosylation of GO drastically reduced its toxicity to red blood cells. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the mannosylation process of GO also drastically reduced the amount of the proteins in the hard corona. Additionally, proteomics analysis by LC-MS/MS revealed 109 proteins in the composition of the man-GO hard corona. Finally, this work contributes to future biomedical applications of graphene-based materials functionalized with active biomolecules.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tb02997g | DOI Listing |
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