A new duck Tembusu-related flavivirus, Baiyangdian virus (BYDV), caused duck egg-drop syndrome in China. The rapid spread, unknown transmission routes, and zoonotic nature, raise serious concern about BYDV as a potential threat to human health. The study provides the first evaluation on the vector competence of and mosquitoes to transmit BYDV in China. The results show that , , , and can become infected with BYD-1 virus (BYDV-1) on different days after oral infection. Although the viral copies in was higher than that in at 13 days postinfection (χ = 10.385, = 0.016), there was no significant differences between infection rates of four mosquito species (χ = 3.98, = 0.137). In transmission experiment, healthy ducks were infected after being bitten by virus-positive mosquitoes and BYDV-1 disseminated to and replicated in the duck brains. These findings verified the potential role of and as vectors of BYDV-1. BYDV-1 was also detected in salivary gland of , which indicated that this virus could be transmitted by mosquitoes. These results provide evidence for the role of mosquitoes in the transmission cycles involving BYDV-1 and avian hosts in China.
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