This study examined the relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ((ADHD)) symptoms, smartphone addiction, and poor sleep quality in university students, and identified factors affecting ADHD symptoms. Data were collected from 197 students from March to June 2017. We adopted a descriptive cross-sectional study design. ADHD symptoms were positively correlated with smartphone addiction ( = .424, < .01) and poor sleep quality ( = .313, < .01). The regression analysis showed that academic achievement (ß =.128, = .038), smartphone addiction (ß =.327, < .001), sleep disturbance (ß = .197, = .003), and daytime dysfunction (ß = .269, < .001) were identified as factors significantly influencing ADHD symptoms, accounting for 31.1% of their variance. Interventions for university students with ADHD symptoms should involve the evaluation of these four factors as a multifaceted approach to reducing ADHD symptoms.
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