[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002946.].

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7108720PMC
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  • Respiration in eukaryotes relies on mitochondrial protein synthesis, which is guided by organelle-specific ribosomes that translate mitochondrial mRNAs, although many details of this process remain unclear.
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Background: Leucocytozoonosis, a parasitic disease of birds, is caused by haemosporidian protozoan parasites of the genus Leucocytozoon, which infect diverse avian species, including poultry. These parasites are transmitted by several black fly species, but knowledge of the factors determining the diversity and prevalence in these vectors, which is crucial for fully understanding disease epidemiology, is largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated factors associated with the prevalence and diversity of Leucocytozoon species in black flies from Thailand.

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cGAS is a key cytosolic dsDNA receptor that senses viral infection and elicits interferon production through the cGAS-cGAMP-STING axis. cGAS is activated by dsDNA from viral and bacterial origins as well as dsDNA leaked from damaged mitochondria and nucleus. Eventually, cGAS activation launches the cell into an antiviral state to restrict the replication of both DNA and RNA viruses.

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There is considerable evidence for mitochondrial-nuclear co-adaptation as a key evolutionary driver. Hypotheses regarding the roles of sex-linkage have emphasized Z-linked nuclear genes with mitochondrial function (N-mt genes), whereas it remains contentious whether the perfect co-inheritance of W genes with mitogenomes could hinder or facilitate co-adaptation. Young (neo-) sex chromosomes that possess relatively many N-mt genes compared to older chromosomes provide unprecedented hypothesis-testing opportunities.

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Characterization of complete mitogenome data of two flies (Diptera) as orchid pollinators from China.

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Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, PR China.

The Diptera insects have important ecological functions. Many plants rely on Diptera insects for pollination, and they play an important role in Co-evolution with plants. We described the detailed characteristics across the complete mitogenome sequences of Brake, 2003 (Diptera: Milichiidae) and an unidentified species of (Diptera: Chloropidae), which are pollinators of orchid species.

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