This review summarizes 10 years experience with male abusers of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). The typical user of AAS is male, aged between 20 and 40 and lifting weights. Illegal AAS are cheap and easily obtained via internet or local suppliers. AAS are mostly used in cycles with a duration between 6 and 18 weeks. Most AAS cycles contain multiple agents, used simultaneously in a dose vastly exceeding a substitution dose. A variety of other performance and image-enhancing drugs are commonly used, including human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, tamoxifen, clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotrophin. Short-term clinical and biochemical side effects are well established. Long-term side effects are uncertain, but may include heart failure, mood-and anxiety disorders, hypogonadism and subfertility. We share our views on the management of common health problems associated with AAS abuse.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219134 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0557 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Effect of testosterone treatment during puberty in boys with Klinefelter syndrome (The TIPY Study): protocol for a nationwide randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.
BMJ Open
March 2025
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Introduction: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a genetic condition characterised by the presence of an extra X chromosome in males (47,XXY). KS is associated with various phenotypic characteristics in adult life, including infertility, hypogonadism and increased risk of type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Additionally, individuals with KS often experience mental health challenges and functional impairments that significantly impact their quality of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex Hormones and Heart Failure Risk.
JACC Adv
March 2025
Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Heart failure (HF) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Although there are inconsistencies, epidemiological studies have implicated sex hormones (SHs) in pathways that are linked to HF. The age-related decline in SH levels causes physiological changes that differentially impact HF risk in both sexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochemical, sex hormonal, and anthropometric predictors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in polycystic ovary syndrome.
BMC Womens Health
March 2025
Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100035, PR China.
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Biochemical, sex hormonal, and anthropometric indicators have been explored for screening NAFLD in PCOS patients. However, the accuracy of NAFLD screening using these indicators in PCOS patients remains uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly-onset androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common, hereditary hair loss condition in men, often starting in the early twenties. It involves gradual thinning of hair, influenced by genetics, hormones, and other factors like smoking and family history. Early identification of these risks could support timely intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch Progress on the Analysis of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids in Biological Samples Based on High Resolution Mass Spectrometry.
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi
December 2024
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China.
Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) are a class of synthetic steroid hormones that mimic androgens, and they rank as the most widely abused doping agents worldwide. High resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has unique advantages in the detection of AASs due to its high resolution, high sensitivity, high selectivity and data traceability. HRMS can not only be used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of AASs and their metabolites in different biological samples, effectively improving the ability to analyze complex samples and increasing the reliability of analytical results, but can also infer AASs metabolites and reveal metabolic pathways by combining and metabolic models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!