Host and Viral Factors in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

Curr Pediatr Rep

1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 6231-1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada.

Published: May 2013

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major worldwide pathogen for which there is still no effective vaccine or antiviral treatment available, and immunoprophylaxis with RSV-specific antibodies (e.g., palivizumab) is used in limited clinical settings. In this review, we discuss virus-host interactions relevant to RSV pathobiology and how advances in cell and systems biology have accelerated knowledge in this area. We also highlight recent advances in understanding the relationship between RSV bronchiolitis and sequelae of recurrent wheezing and asthma, new findings into an intriguing interaction between RSV and air pollution, and exciting developments toward the goal of realizing a safe and effective RSV vaccine.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100662PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40124-013-0019-3DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

respiratory syncytial
8
syncytial virus
8
rsv
5
host viral
4
viral factors
4
factors respiratory
4
virus infection
4
infection respiratory
4
virus rsv
4
rsv major
4

Similar Publications

A 43-year-old woman presented with dyspnea and cough, initially misdiagnosed as respiratory syncytial virus. Persistent symptoms led to pulmonary thromboembolism treatment, but worsening issues revealed recurrent pericardial effusion. Imaging and biopsy confirmed pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma, mimicking thromboembolism, and autoimmune disease, underscoring diagnostic challenges.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Clinical significance of various pathogens identified in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD: a multi-center study in South Korea.

Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul)

December 2024

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Respiratory infection is a major cause of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). We investigated the presence of bacterial and viral pathogens and clinical features in patients with AECOPD.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1,186 patients diagnosed with AECOPD from 28 hospitals in South Korea between 2015-2018.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

An oral vaccine based on the Ad5 vector with a double-stranded RNA adjuvant protects mice against respiratory syncytial virus.

Int Immunopharmacol

December 2024

National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), NHC Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China. Electronic address:

A safe and effective vaccine is urgently needed to prevent acute respiratory infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Oral administration offers several advantages, including ease of delivery, minimal stress for vaccine recipients, and greater safety than the systemic injection. In this study, we developed an oral vaccine candidate based on the human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) vector, Ad5-PreF-DS2, encoding a prefusion protein of RSV with a dsRNA as an endogenous adjuvant.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in infants worldwide. Nirsevimab, an extended half-life monoclonal antibody against RSV, is approved in China for the prevention of RSV lower respiratory tract disease in infants; however, global nirsevimab trials did not enroll Chinese infants. To inform the investigation of nirsevimab for the prevention of RSV LRTI in Chinese infants, this Phase I, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of nirsevimab in healthy Chinese adults.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Clinical advancements in mRNA vaccines against viral infections.

Clin Immunol

December 2024

Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Korea mRNA Vaccine Initiative, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Over the last decade, mRNA vaccines development has shown significant advancement, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This comprehensive review examines the efficacy of pivotal vaccines against emerging COVID-19 variants and strategies for enhancing vaccine effectiveness. It also explores the versatility of mRNA technology in addressing other infectious diseases such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, HIV, cytomegalovirus, Ebola, Zika, Rabies, and Nipah viruses.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!