Despite profound knowledge of the incidence of oral cancers and a large body of research beyond it, it continues to beat diagnosis and treatment management. Post physical observation by clinicians, a biopsy is a gold standard for accurate detection of any abnormalities. Towards the application of artificial intelligence as an aid to diagnosis, automated cell nuclei segmentation is the most essential step for the recognition of the cancer cells. In this study, we have extracted the shape, texture and color features from the histopathological images collected indigenously from regional hospitals. A dataset of 42 whole slide slices was used to automatically segment and generate a cell level dataset of 720 nuclei. Next, different classifiers were applied for classification purposes. 99.4 % accuracy using Decision Tree Classifier, 100 % accuracy using both SVM and Logistic regression and 100 % accuracy using SVM, Logistic regression and Linear Discriminant were acquired for shape, textural and color features respectively. The in-depth analysis showed SVM and Linear Discriminant classifier gave the best result for texture and color features respectively. The achieved result can be effectively converted to software as an assistant diagnostic tool.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tice.2019.101322 | DOI Listing |
IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph
March 2025
Many current image restoration approaches utilize neural networks to acquire robust image-level priors from extensive datasets, aiming to reconstruct missing details. Nevertheless, these methods often falter with images that exhibit significant information gaps. While incorporating external priors or leveraging reference images can provide supplemental information, these strategies are limited in their practical scope.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Clin Dermatol
March 2025
Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Photoaging is the consequence of chronic exposure to solar irradiation, encompassing ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared wavelengths. Over time, this exposure causes cumulative damage, leading to both aesthetic changes and structural degradation of the skin. These effects manifest as rhytids, dyschromia, textural changes, elastosis, volume loss, telangiectasias, and hyperkeratosis, collectively contributing to a prematurely aged appearance that exceeds the skin's chronological age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cutan Med Surg
March 2025
Department of Dermatology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey.
Background: Early melanomas, dysplastic melanocytic nevi, and melanocytic tumours of uncertain malignant potential (MELTUMPs) reveal similar clinic and dermoscopic findings leading to underdiagnosis of malign lesions or unnecessary excision of benign ones. High-grade dysplastic nevi and MELTUMPs in the intermediate category should be recognized and completely excised.
Objectives: We evaluated the diagnostic performance of pattern analysis, ABCD rule, colour, architecture, symmetry, and homogeneity algorithm, melanoma-specific structures and asymmetry of dermoscopic features in distinguishing early melanomas, high-grade dysplastic nevi, and MELTUMPs from low-grade dysplastic nevi.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
March 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungbuk National University (CBNU), 1, Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28644, Republic of Korea.
Current anticounterfeiting technologies rely on deterministic processes that are easily replicable, require specialized devices for authentication, and involve complex manufacturing, resulting in high costs and limited scalability. This study presents a low-cost, mass-producible structural color-based anticounterfeiting pattern and a simple algorithm for discrimination. Nanopatterns aligned with the direction of incident light were fabricated by electrospinning, while CuO and ZnO were grown independently through a solution process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Pathol
March 2025
Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.
Different tissues have a normal color spectrum that reflects their cellular composition and/or metabolic features. Similarly, distinct color variations may occur in tissues that have undergone pathologic or nonpathologic changes. Common examples of color changes in domestic animal tissues include red (associated with erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and myoglobin), brown (ferric hemoglobin or myoglobin, suppurative inflammation, lipid oxidation, postmortem autolysis, formalin fixation, neoplasms arising from cytochrome-rich tissues), yellow (hemoglobin and iron degradation, biliary pigment and by-products, carotenes, keratin, necrosis, suppurative or fibrinous inflammation), green (hemoglobin and iron degradation, biliary pigment and by-products, meconium, eosinophilic or suppurative inflammation, oomycete and algal infections), white (lack of blood, adipose tissue and its neoplasms, chylous effusion, necrosis, mineralization, fibrosis, lymphoid tissue, round cell neoplasms), translucent (transudate, cysts), black to gray (hemoglobin and iron degradation, melanin, carbon, tattoos), and blue to purple (poorly oxygenated blood, tattoos).
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