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Development of a predictive model for pediatric intranasal drug delivery with nasal sprays: Leveraging intersubject variability in anatomical dimensions, administration-related parameters, and airway patency.
Comput Biol Med
January 2025
Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. Electronic address:
In this study, we examined the correlation between anatomical dimensions, spray administration parameters, pressure drop across 40 pediatric nasal cavities, and in vitro posterior drug delivery (PDD) using Nasacort ALLERGY 24HR and FLONASE SENSIMIST nasal suspensions sprays, with different nozzle and actuation designs. The importance of each parameter and their interaction in the outcome (PDD) was evaluated. To do so, initially we measured anatomical and administration-related parameters, and the pressure drop of each cavity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of CPAP on Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure in Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension and OSA: The MORPHEOS Trial.
Ann Am Thorac Soc
January 2025
Heart Institute (InCor) University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil, Hypertension Unit, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rationale: Previous studies evaluating the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on blood pressure (BP) showed variable results. Moreover, several studies recruited patients with normal or controlled BP, and compliance to antihypertensive drugs was not monitored. In addition, very few studies investigated central BP in this scenario.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation via high-flow nasal oxygen versus conventional weaning in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure: a prospective randomized controlled study.
Crit Care Sci
January 2025
Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Jodhpur, India.
Objective: Although the efficacy of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy in delaying or avoiding intubation in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure has been studied, its potential for facilitating early weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation remains unexplored.
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 80 adults with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for > 48 hours were enrolled and divided into two groups: conventional weaning and early weaning via high-flow nasal oxygen. In the conventional weaning group, the spontaneous breathing trial was performed after the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was ≥ 200, whereas in the high-flow nasal oxygen group, the spontaneous breathing trial was conducted earlier when the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 150 - 200.
Retrospective analysis of the effect of electronic cardiotocography on selected birth and neonatal variables among 4172 women from a Single Centre in Warsaw, Poland.
Ginekol Pol
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Didactics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Objectives: Cardiotocography (KTG) is widely used for continuous or intermittent assessment of fetal heart function. This study aimed to compare the effects of continuous and intermittent KTG during labour on selected variables.
Material And Methods: In a retrospective study, 4172 medical records of Warsaw Hospital (Poland) patients were analysed.
Experimental measurements of particle deposition in the human nasal airway.
Int J Pharm
January 2025
School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
Intranasal drug delivery is a promising non-invasive method for administering both local and systemic medications. While previous studies have extensively investigated the effects of particle size, airflow dynamics, and deposition locations on deposition efficiency, they have not focused on the thickness of deposited particles, which can significantly affect drug dissolution, absorption and therapeutic efficacy. This study investigates the deposition patterns of dry powder particles within the nasal airway, specifically examining how factors such as flow rates, particle size, and particle cohesiveness influence deposition patterns and their thickness.
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