Objective: To gain a deeper insight into the local anatomic structures of the seminal vesicle and ejaculatory duct and provide some anatomic guidance in seminal vesiculoscopy.
Methods: We analyzed the clinical data on 48 cases of seminal vesiculoscopy and recorded the surgical approaches to the seminal vesicle and clinical effects after operation. At the same time, we made an anatomic study of the seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostatic utricle and simulated the surgical approaches in 12 adult pelvis specimens.
Results: The anatomical results accorded well with the surgical findings. The ejaculatory ducts failed to be revealed for 52.1%（25/48）, but 93.8%(45/48) of the operations were completed through different approaches into the seminal vesicle.
Conclusions: Transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy can be applied in the treatment of seminal tract and seminal vesicle diseases, but has its obvious limitations and has to be used with other strategies to achieve better results.
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