There has been an outbreak of lung injury associated with e-cigarettes and vaping in the United States since early 2019. We present two cases who were admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath and cough. Chest imaging showed they had interstitial changes. They were diagnosed with e-cigarette and vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) and treated with steroids and supportive management. With an improvement in symptoms, they were discharged home. On follow-up in the clinic, both patients were asymptomatic and had complete resolution of radiographic abnormalities. However, pulmonary function testing showed reduced diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO). Total lung capacity (TLC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first one second (FEV-1), and the FEV-1/FVC ratio were normal.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7002 | DOI Listing |
Environ Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Sepsis remains the leading cause of multiple-organ injury due to endotoxemia. Astaxanthin (ASTA), widely used in marine aquaculture, has an extraordinary potential for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Purinergic receptor (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFEBS Lett
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
Tissue fibrosis is a progressive pathological process with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM). Myofibroblasts, identified by alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression, play an important role in tissue fibrosis by producing ECM. Here, we found that the Wnt antagonist Dickkopf1 (DKK1) induced gene expressions associated with inflammation and fibrosis in lung fibroblasts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife Metab
February 2025
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is strongly correlated with obesity, partially due to the abnormal expansion of abdominal perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-like effector C (CIDEC), also known as fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27) in rodents, is specifically expressed in adipose tissue where it mediates lipid droplet fusion and adipose tissue expansion. Whether and how CIDEC/FSP27 plays a role in AAA pathology remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Intensive Med
January 2025
Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Background: The roles of the Pink1/Parkin pathway and mitophagy in lung injury during heat stroke remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in acute lung injury (ALI) in rats with exertional heat stroke (EHS).
Methods: Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control (CON), control + Parkin overexpression (CON + Parkin), EHS, and EHS + Parkin overexpression (EHS + Parkin) groups.
J Intensive Med
January 2025
Department of Pneumology, Institut Clinic del Tórax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona - SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Barcelona, Spain.
Aminoglycosides are concentration-dependent antibiotics exerting a bactericidal effect when concentrations at the site of infection are equal to or greater than 5 times the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). When administered intravenously, they exhibit poor lung penetration and high systemic renal and ototoxicity, imposing to restrict their administration to 5 days. Experimental studies conducted in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated sheep and pigs provide evidence that high doses of nebulized aminoglycosides induce a rapid and potent bacterial killing in the infected lung parenchyma.
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