Ammonium removal using a calcined natural zeolite modified with sodium nitrate.

J Hazard Mater

Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Published: July 2020

Ammonium is one of the key factors responsible for the eutrophication of water bodies. The purpose of this study was to remove ammonium from water using a natural zeolite (NZ) modified with sodium nitrate (NaNO) by impregnation and calcination. The ability of the NZ to remove ammonium from water was determined by single calcination; however, its efficiency was significantly enhanced by impregnation with a NaNO solution. Zeolite modified with 3.00 M NaNO and calcination at 673 K yielded the best ammonium removal efficiency, which was 39.88 % higher than the NZ alone. The zeolites that were regenerated over six times maintained a removal rate of 79.35-84.79 % by mixing 25.0 mg of the NZ into 50 mL of a 5.0 mg/L ammonium solution. The improved performance of the modified zeolite (q, 16.96 mg/g) was mainly attributed to its relatively elevated mesopore volumes and higher ion-exchange capacity that results from nitrate decomposition, oxygen release, and sodium-ion exchange. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms are best described by the pseudo-first-order (PFO) and Freundlich model, respectively, and the process was endothermic. The effects of other factors, including coexisting ions, pH, and dosage, on ammonium adsorption were also determined.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122481DOI Listing

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